I have an old Celestron mount and a C8, the classic orange tube. For guiding I use a Byers worm gear drive, but no autoguiding, the mount's too old school for that
. Even after over an hour polar aligning, you have to do some pretty regular corrections every 10-15 seconds or so. It really puts a strain on your back...
I used a D7000 for those shots, ISO 1600 if I recall but I'd have to check.
It's not actually a 55 minute exposure, it's a combination of 11 exposures, each 5 minute shots. When you put all your shots together, what's called "stacking", it helps reduce the noise and generally bring out better detail. You can also take a few shots with the lens cap on, often called "darks", which can be added into the shot to help reduce hot pixels and imperfections. I put all the shots together using some freeware called Deep Sky Stacker", did some colour and exposure adjustment in there, and then did a few touch ups using GIMP.
Although for deeper shots like these with longer lenses you need pretty accurate tracking and need to be alert and guiding the shot at all times, it's not necessary for all astrophotos. Really, all you need is a camera, tripod, and a dark location. All I used for this shot was the camera, a tripod, and a remote release to reduce vibrations and such:
If you look REALLY closely there is some trailing, but I had it printed on a 8 x 8 foot board and honestly you couldn't see any imperfections. Try it yourself, get out on a dark night at preferably a location with minimal light pollution out in the country, and just shoot on a tripod. Try different exposures at different ISO and apertures, you'll be pleasantly surprised at what you can get. If you want, even put your camera in bulb mode and experiment with star trails, you can have lots of fun with these shots in Lightroom or Photoshop after the fact. Compared to the days of film where you had to deal with reciprocity failure and true hour long exposure with no tracking, digital astrophotography is a godsend.